Connection-Coordination Rapport (CCR) Scale

Full-Length 18-Item CCR Scale

The full-length 18-item Connection-Coordination Rapport (CCR) Scale is designed to measure rapport between two interactants. We define rapport as "a feeling of mutual understanding and interpersonal connection among individuals developed through interactions." For more details on the creation and validation of the full-length CCR scale, please read our paper: Connection-Coordination Rapport (CCR) Scale: A Dual-Factor Scale to Measure Human-Robot Rapport.

Full-Length 18-Item CCR Scale Citation

When using the CCR scale in your research, please cite the following paper:

Full-Length 18-Item CCR Scale Administration

Use the following prompt in your questionnaire: "Rate how much you think the following was present in the interaction." Then, have participants rate each of the 18 items below on a five-point Likert scale: (1) Strongly Disagree, (2) Disagree, (3) Neither Agree nor Disagree, (4) Agree, (5) Strongly Agree. The full-length CCR scale can be administered on paper or online. We also recommend randomizing the 18 items and separating them equally into two pages to reduce respondent fatigue (i.e., having 9 items on one page at once).

Full-Length 18-Item CCR Scale

Rate how much you think the following was present in the interaction.

	Strongly Disagree	Disagree	Neither Agree nor Disagree	Agree	Strongly Agree
Warmth	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Empathy	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Friendliness	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Sympathy	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Closeness	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Positivity	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Liking each other	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Enthusiasm	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Respect	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Getting along	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Excitement	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Connection	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Coordination	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Focus	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Attentiveness	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Smooth flow	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Equal participation	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Engagement	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯

Full-Length 18-Item CCR Scale Scoring

The full-length CCR scale can capture a score for each individual factor (connection and coordination) and rapport as an overall construct:

1. Connection Factor: Average the participant’s ratings for the 12 items within the connection factor (Warmth, Empathy, Friendliness, Sympathy, Closeness, Positivity, Liking each other, Enthusiasm, Respect, Getting along, Excitement, Connection).
2. Coordination Factor: Average the participant’s ratings for the 6 items within the coordination factor (Coordination, Focus, Attentiveness, Smooth flow, Equal participation, Engagement).
3. Rapport: Average the scores from (1) Connection Factor and (2) Coordination Factor together to get one final score for rapport.

Reduced-Length 8-Item CCR Scale

The reduced-length 8-item Connection-Coordination Rapport (CCR) Scale is a shortened and validated version of the full-length 18-item Connection-Coordination Rapport (CCR) Scale, designed to save time and reduce participant survey fatigue. For more details on the creation and validation of the reduced-length CCR scale, please read our paper: The Reduced-Length Connection-Coordination Rapport (CCR) Scale.

Reduced-Length 8-Item CCR Scale Citation

When using the CCR scale in your research, please cite the following paper:

Reduced-Length 8-Item CCR Scale Administration

Use the following prompt in your questionnaire: "Rate how much you think the following was present in the interaction." Then, have participants rate each of the 8 items below on a five-point Likert scale: (1) Strongly Disagree, (2) Disagree, (3) Neither Agree nor Disagree, (4) Agree, (5) Strongly Agree. The reduced-length CCR scale can be administered on paper or online. We recommend randomizing the display order of the items for each participant when administering this scale (e.g., using "Statement Randomization" in Qualtrics).

Reduced-Length 8-Item CCR Scale

Rate how much you think the following was present in the interaction.

	Strongly Disagree	Disagree	Neither Agree nor Disagree	Agree	Strongly Agree
Connection	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Getting Along	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Empathy	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Respect	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Coordination	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Engagement	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Smooth Flow	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
Attentiveness	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯

Reduced-Length 8-Item CCR Scale Scoring

The reduced-length CCR scale can capture a score for each individual factor (connection and coordination) and rapport as an overall construct:

1. Connection Factor: Average the participant’s ratings for the 4 items within the connection factor (Connection, Getting along, Empathy, Respect).
2. Coordination Factor: Average the participant’s ratings for the 4 items within the coordination factor (Coordination, Engagement, Smooth flow, Attentiveness).
3. Rapport: Average the scores from (1) Connection Factor and (2) Coordination Factor together to get one final score for rapport.

Japanese Translation of the CCR Scale

This is the Japanese translation and adaptation of the full-length 18-item Connection-Coordination Rapport (CCR) Scale.

Japanese CCR Scale Contributors

The Japanese translation and adaptation of the CCR scale was contributed by Yuto Satake, Kunihiko Katsuki, and Maki Suzuki with feedback from Yudai Tanaka.

Japanese CCR Scale Citation

日本語版CCR尺度を研究で使用する場合は、以下の論文を引用してください。

Japanese CCR Scale

つながりと協調に基づくラポール (Connection-Coordination Rapport: CCR) 尺度

やり取りにおいて、以下の項目がどの程度当てはまったと思いますか？全くそう思わない、そう思わない、どちらとも言えない、そう思う、とてもそう思う、の5つの中から選んでください。

要素1. つながり

	全くそう思わない	そう思わない	どちらとも言えない	そう思う	とてもそう思う
温もり	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
共感	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
親しみやすさ	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
思いやり	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
親密さ	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
前向きさ	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
相互の好意	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
熱意	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
敬意	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
相性の良さ	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
高揚感	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
つながり	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯

要素2. 協調

	全くそう思わない	そう思わない	どちらとも言えない	そう思う	とてもそう思う
協調性	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
やり取りへの集中	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
注意深さ	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
やり取りの円滑さ	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
対等な参加	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯
積極的な関与	◯	◯	◯	◯	◯

Japanese CCR Scale Scoring

ラポール計算方法：

1. つながり（要素1）の平均点を出す
2. 協調（要素2）の平均点を出す
3. (1)と(2)の平均点を出しラポール得点とする

この尺度は「全くそう思わない」を1、「とてもそう思う」を5点とする。

License

All versions of the CCR scale on this page (full-length 18-item, reduced-length 8-item, and Japanese translation) are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. You are free to share and adapt the scale for any purpose, including commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit by citing the relevant paper listed above, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Contact

If you have questions about the CCR scale, please email Ting-Han Lin at tinghan@uchicago.edu.